Indicates risk for CVD, diabetes, hypothyroidism or kidney disease High fat diet and decreased clearing of LDL from the blood Indicates risk for CVD, and possible chronic renal failure or uncontrolled diabetes Increased risk for heart attack, stroke, and atherosclerosis
The goals for treatment are to reduce the risk of cardiovascular and renal disease and reduce the BP to 55 (women) mg/dLĬonsuming foods high in saturated fat and cholesterol Her admittance BP was 160/100, which indicates that she is in HTN stage 2 Anderson’s admitting BP reading place her in? Given these criteria, which category would Mrs.Complete the following table of HTN classifications. HTN is classified in stages based on the risk of developing CVD.And then finally her age which has higher risks for women after menopause. Her race also plays a role since she is African American and HTN is more commonly seen in this race. Her mother died from HTN complications, which increases her probability of having similar results. She drinks alcohol, which can add to the effects even if it is not consumed that often. She is still considered to be overweight even with the weight she’s lost so far. She consumes items high in saturated fat, sodium, and sugar.
List the risk factors for developing HTN?Īge (early middle adulthood), Race (more common in blacks), family history, being overweight or obese, not being physically active, using tobacco, too much salt in the diet, too little vitamin D in the diet and too little potassium in the diet, drinking too much alcohol, stress, and certain chronic conditions such as high cholesterol, diabetes, kidney disease, etc. A reading greater than or equal to 140/90 mmHg is considered to be hypertensive. Diastolic blood pressure is the pressure between heartbeats and is the second or lower number. Systolic blood pressure is the blood pressure in vessels during a heartbeat and the first or higher number given during testing. It is classified based on the systolic and diastolic blood pressures. In the physical portion, blood pressure is measured. If BP is really high you may notice symptoms such as severe headache, fatigue or confusion, vision problems, chest pain, difficulty breathing, irregular heartbeat, blood in the urine, or pounding in the chest, neck or ears.Ī detailed history and physical examination is essential for identifying risk factors. It is known as the “silent killer.” The only way to find out if you have high BP is to get your BP checked on a regular basis. There are generally no symptoms, so it becomes hard to detect. Some genetic components regarding sodium balance may also play a role in the development of HTN. This includes lifestyle factors such as diet, lack of exercise, smoking, stress, and obesity. Even though the cause is unknown, several factors can lead to its development. Primary or essential hypertension has no known causes and accounts for about 90% of the cases. Hypertension refers to a chronic elevation in BP. The thicker it is the more arterial pressure needed to pump it through the body. And fourth, depends on the viscosity of the blood. If the blood vessels have more resistance, then the pressure is increased to help push the blood through the constricted vessel. Two, is the volume of fluid in the body, the more blood available equals the faster the return is to the heart. The higher the rate, the more arterial pressure. The rate is determined by several factors. All 3 of these combined affect cardiac output (heart rate x stroke volume) and thus blood pressure. The regulation involves the sympathetic nervous system, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and renal function. How is blood pressure normally regulated in the body?īlood pressure is determined through the combination of cardiac output and total peripheral resistance. Blood pressure is the pressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels, and is one of the principal vital signs.
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